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Abdominal Abscess

Posted by Healthy Natural Life on Saturday, November 11, 2017

DEFINITION
An abscess is a pus-filled pouch that is usually caused by a bacterial infection.
Abdominal abscess (abdominal abscess) may form below the diaphragm, in the middle of the abdomen, in the pelvis, or behind the abdominal cavity. Abscesses also may form in or around the abdominal organs, such as kidneys, spleen, pancreas or liver, or in the prostate gland.

CAUSE
Abdominal abscess can be caused by:
·         Intestinal perforation due to cancer or trauma
·         Spread of infection or inflammation caused by certain conditions, such as appendicitis, diverticulitis, Crohn's disease, pancreatitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease
·         Trauma to the abdomen or due to surgery on the stomach


SYMPTOMS
Most patients experience pain or discomfort in the stomach settled, malaise, and fever. Other symptoms that can occur are loss of appetite and weight loss.
Moreover, it could reveal any specific symptoms, depending on the location of the abscess formation, for example:
·         Abscesses are formed under the diaphragm. Patients may develop a cough, pain when breathing, or pain in the shoulder (Referred pain) caused by the same innervation.
·         Abscess in the pelvic cavity, can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and frequent urination or the urge to urinate due to bladder irritation.
·         Abscesses behind the abdominal cavity (retroperitoneal), typically causes pain in the lower back that intensified when the patient moves the leg at the hip joint.
·         Abscesses in the pancreas, can cause fever, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. These symptoms often occur a week or more after the patient recovered from pancreatitis.
·         Liver abscess, can cause loss of appetite, nausea, and fever. Patients may experience abdominal pain or it may not.

DIAGNOSIS
Abdominal abscess is often difficult to diagnose because early symptoms are usually not very clear and mild. Therefore, it can be done investigations such as CT scans, ultrasound, or MRI to help distinguish abscess from other disorders, as well as determine the location, size, and source of an abscess.
Inspection needle aspiration can be done to take a sample of pus in the abscess, that is by inserting a needle through the skin (can be guided by ultrasound or CT scan). Examples pus then examined in a laboratory to identify the causative organism, so that it can be determined that the most effective antibiotics to overcome.

TREATMENT
Handling is carried out such as:
·         Remove the pus found in abscesses (drainage), for example, by surgery or needle aspiration guided by CT scan or ultrasound.
·         Giving antibiotics to fight infection and prevent the spread of infection when performed drainage.
·         Laboratory tests to identify the infecting organism from pus taken during drainage. It is important to be able to determine what antibiotics are effective in treating the infection.
An abscess can rarely be cured without any drainage, for example, only with antibiotics. After drainage, the source of infection must also be addressed. Patients also need to get good nutrition to help the recovery.

REFERENCE

- A, Parswa. Abdominal abscess. Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. 2012.


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