DEFINITION
Placental abruption is the release of the placenta are
normally positioned on the wall of the uterus prematurely, which occurs during
pregnancy is not the time of delivery.
CAUSE
The cause of placental abruption is unknown. Abruption is
more common in women who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease,
diabetes or rheumatic disease, and female users of cocaine.
SYMPTOMS
Uterine bleeding that comes from the side of the attachment
of the placenta. External bleeding occurs when blood out through the vagina,
but if the blood is trapped behind the placenta, bleeding will occur hidden.
The symptoms depend on the extent of the release of the
placenta and the amount of blood lost.
Symptoms include:
- Vaginal bleeding
- Abdominal pain that arises suddenly
- Painful stomach cramps
- Pain when the abdomen is pressed
Placental abruption causes a reduced supply of oxygen and
nutrients to the fetus and can cause fetal death. While the mother can bleed
serus, blood clots in the blood vessels, kidney failure, and bleeding into the
uterine wall. This situation is more common in pregnant women with
pre-eclampsia) and may indicate that the fetus is in distress or has died.
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis is based on symptoms and physical examination
there. To confirm the diagnosis is usually performed an ultrasound examination.
TREATMENT
Patients need to be treated immediately and bed rest. If the
symptoms are reduced, the patient can start walking exercise and may be
discharged. However, if symptoms worsen, it is necessary to early delivery to
save mothers and babies.
REFERENCE
- F, Edmund F. Placental Abruption (Abruptio placental).
Merck Manual Handbook. 2008.
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