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Retrofaringeal Abscess

Posted by Healthy Natural Life on Saturday, November 11, 2017

DEFINITION
Retrofaringeal abscess is an accumulation of pus in the lymph nodes in the back of the throat.

CAUSE
Abscesses are usually caused by a bacterial infection originating from the tonsils, throat, sinuses, adenoids, nose or middle ear. Sometimes an injury to the back of the throat due to thorn fish can also cause abscesses retrofaringeal. Although rare, retrofaringel abscess can also be caused by tuberculosis bacteria.
Because the lymph nodes in the back of the throat disappear after childhood, then retrofaringeal abscesses are more common in children than in adults. This infection can occur during or immediately after a throat infection by bacteria.


SYMPTOMS
Symptoms that may occur include:
- History sore throat, nasal infection or abscess tooth
- High fever
- Difficulty and pain when swallowing, so saliva can flow out
- Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck
- Unclear voice
- Stiff neck
- Children can seem tilted his head
- Intercostal retraction (withdrawal of the muscles between the ribs when the patient tries hard to breathe
- An abscess can block the airway, so that the child becomes difficult to breathe and wheezing, especially when breathing

COMPLICATIONS
Complications that can occur include:
·         bleeding around the abscess
·         rupture of the abscess into the airway (which can clog the airway)
·         pneumonia
·         the formation of a blood clot in a large vein in the neck (jugular vein)
·         the spread of infection to the chest
·         infection enter the bloodstream and can lead to malfunctioning of the organs of the body (septic shock)

DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis is based on symptoms and physical examination. X-rays or CT scan of the neck may show pus-filled cavity between the throat and the cervical spine.
Blood tests showed an increased number of white blood cells and cultured throat mucus can indicate the presence of the causative organism.

TREATMENT
To overcome the infection, need surgery to remove the pus (drainage) and high doses of antibiotics given intravenously.

PREVENTION
Diagnosis and appropriate treatment in pharyngitis and nasopharyngeal infection can usually prevent abscess retrofaringeal.

REFERENCE
- W, Geoffery A. retropharyngeal abscess. Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. 2006.

- S, Seth. Retropharyngeal abscess. Medline Plus. 2012.


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