DEFINITION
Brain and eye work together to see. Light enters the eye and
is converted into nerve signals that travel along the optic nerve to the brain.
Amblyopia (Amblyopia), also called "lazy eye (lazy eye)," is the
medical term used when the vision in one eye is reduced because the eye and
brain are not cooperating as they should.
Amblyopia is a problem in children that occurs when one eye
is weaker than the other. Brain chose to take pictures of the stronger eye and
ignore the image from the weaker eye. This means that a child using a strong
currency than a weak eye. If the weak eye is not used, then the weak eye is not
able to develop good vision. This leads to reduced vision in the weaker eye.
Amblyopia usually affects only one eye.
Amblyopia is a frequent cause of vision loss in children.
Loss of vision occurs because the brain ignores the picture obtained in one
eye. Vision loss can be irreversible if not diagnosed and treated before the
age of 8 years.
CAUSE
Conditions that can lead to amblyopia is every child's eye
condition that prevents you form a clear and focused image or prevents the
normal use of one or both eyes. This may occur if:
Refractive amblyopia.
Amblyopia can occur due to refractive errors were not
corrected properly, usually in the form of farsightedness or astigmatism,
especially if there is a large difference in refraction between the two eyes.
Strabismik amblyopia.
The presence of strabismus (crossed eyes) can also cause
amblyopia, because the eye produces two images from each eye that does not fit
(which is normally combined into one in the brain). This discrepancy makes a
second image from each eye may not be combined in the brain, then the brain
will suppress one of the images that exist and ignoring input from the eyes. In
adults, the sight lines are fully developed, so that if there is a discrepancy
of vision of each eye causing double vision (diplopia) and not the loss of
vision in one eye.
Deprivation amblyopia.
This type of amblyopia occurs because of the opacity or
cataract or disorders of the cornea bends light entering the eye.
Your child may be more likely to have amblyopia if anyone in
your family have it, or if your child experienced a premature birth or low
birth weight.
SYMPTOMS
In most cases, amblyopia does not cause symptoms. But your
child may:
·
Has an eye that wanders or does not move
together with the other eye.
·
Have eyes that do not move in the same direction
or focus on the same point.
·
Crying or complaining with one eye closed.
·
Like closing one eye.
·
Squinting or tilting the head to see something.
·
Has the upper eyelid drooping.
Children with amblyopia may still be too small to be able to
explain the symptoms are felt. Usually the parents or school teachers aware of
the child's efforts to overcome his eyesight disorders.
DIAGNOSIS
Your child's doctor will do eye tests. If the test results
indicate that your child's eyes have low vision in one eye, then the doctor may
diagnose amblyopia after ruling out other causes first.
To assist the diagnosis, the doctor will ask about symptoms,
whether any family members who have vision problems, several other risk factors
that might like born with low weight, and whether your child has difficulty
reading, see the blackboard at school, or watching TV.
TREATMENT
Treatment for amblyopia do with the way your child should
use the weak eye. This will force the eyes to become stronger. Over time, this
will improve vision in the weaker eye. This can be done by way of correction:
- Impaired eye refraction using glasses.
- Eye Patch (blindfold),
Often the doctor closed the normal eye with a means of
closing the eye, forcing the child to see with the eye impaired.
- If the cause is strabismus (crossed eyes), the conditions
that need to be corrected after the visual acuity of both eyes together.
- The presence of cataract or opacity in the eye may require
surgical treatment.
The best treatment started before the age of 6 years and
should begin before your child's vision has fully developed (around age 9 or 10
years). Treatment passing of the age, the treatment will be less likely to
help, but might be able to improve vision in some cases. A child with amblyopia
who does not get treatment may have poor vision throughout his life.
After treatment ends, be sure to do a follow-up eye exams for
your child for amblyopia can return despite successful treatment.
PREVENTION
The earlier amblyopia or its risk factors are detected, then
the more amblyopia may be prevented or corrected. For that, there should be
regular checks to detect this disorder in children.
REFERENCE
- B, Albert W. Amblyopia. Merck Manual Home Health Handbook.
2006.
- S, Jonathan H. Amblyopia. Kidshealth. 2011.
-
Http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/tc/amblyopia-topic-overview
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