DEFINITION
Diaper rash (diaper Rash / Nappy Rash)
is one form of contact dermatitis (skin inflammation) caused
by irritation of the area covered by a wet diaper, including the area of skin
around the genital / genital, rectal / buttocks and abdomen. Diaper rash can
occur in infants and young children still in diapers. Handling should be as
soon as possible to avoid further infections caused by bacteria, viruses and
fungi.
CAUSE
Because of factors:
·
Irritation of the skin due to contact with urine
and feces in a long time
·
Not often changing diapers
·
Diapers are waterproof
·
Washing is not clean
·
A history of dermatitis / skin infections in the
family
·
The air is hot and humid
·
Are being treated using oral antibiotics
SYMPTOMS
Erythema / redness of the skin on the buttocks,
genitals, thighs and abdomen
Skin inflammation and itching pain
Slightly crusty
In the male infants may appear red, blisters and sometimes
bleed around the meatus (opening at the tip of the penis)
In baby girls, the attachment of the thin membrane can be
formed between the lips of the vagina
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis is usually made based on a history of the disease
course and examination of the rash. Laboratory tests are not usually necessary
unless the suspected cause is a fungal infection and reactions alergi. In
suspicion allergic reactions skin examination is required to determine the
causative agent of allergy.
TREATMENT
Medications are Used
1. Ointment zinc oxide and white petrolatum
Is an effective agent for the treatment of diaper rash.
These agents block the contact between skin irritant and, thus accelerating the
healing process and minimize the possibility of infection. Calamine lotion
which is a mixture of ferrous oxide and zinc oxide is also used as an
absorbent. Apply a small amount of zinc oxide ointment OTC on baby rash, early
visible signs of diaper rash, and 2 or 3 times a day thereafter
2. antifungal cream:
For example nystatin or clotrimazole effective for rashes
caused by fungus
3. Antibacterial ointment:
For example benzalkonium chloride, calcium undecylenate,
resorcinol and triclosan are used for rashes caused by bacterial infection
4. hydrocortisone ointment:
Reduce skin inflammation
PREVENTION
Let the baby's bottom exposed to the air as long as possible
Do not use waterproof pants during treatment, both at day
and night
Change diapers frequently, even at night if the rash is in a
large area
Do not use soap or boric acid to wash the affected part of
the rash. Clean it with cotton wool moistened with mineral oil
Stop using baby lotion, powder, ointment or baby oil (except
for zinc oxide) unless prescribed by a doctor
Add 1 cup of vinegar in the washing machine while flushing
stage, to neutralize residual detergent
REFERENCE
- Http://www.farmamedia.net/2012/02
- Http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diaper-rash/
- Kelly, you .2001.Bayi Paula Year Pertama.Jakarta
- Nursalam dkk.2005.Asuhan Nursing Infants and Anak.Jakarta:
Salemba medika
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